Manufacture of incandescent mantles.



UNITED STATES Pas-Janis oFFIoE.

'rnomas rnnnnnn, or Lennon, ENGLAND.

MANUFACTURE OF IHCANDESGEN'I MAN'I'LES.

filed May 14, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS TERRELL, a

subject of the King of England, residing at London, in England, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in or Relat ing to the-lllanufacture of Incandescent Ma-ntles, of which the following is a 'speei' fication.

This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of incandescent mantles the object being to obtain mantles of greater flexibility and efliciency and of less cost than heretofore, and the present application is a divisionalfrom the application Serial No. 130,456, filed November (th, 1902.

In carrying out this invention fine threads of cotton, linen or other cellulose of natural origin containing say 35,000 to 45,000 yards to the pound and. preferabl two or three ply, are mercerized and soa ed ina concentrated solution of salts of the. illuminating metals until the solution has thoroughly permeated the fibers. For example 2,000 grams of commercial nitrate of thoriumv (capable of yielding 48% of oxid) are dissolved in 1,500 cubic centimeters of distilled water and to this are added 20 grams of commercial nitrate of cerium. I The fibers of cotton or other cellulose'of natural origin are mercerized by treatment with potaslusoda or hypochlorites and the fibers are then immersed in the above mentioned solution. In order to cause thorough absorption the fibers may be left in the solution for a prolonged period, say'48- hours:

and for more complete impregnation the soaking may be performed in a vacuum by means of which airwill be replaced from the interstices of thefiber by the nitrate solution. The soaked fiber is now pressed between rollers of india-rubber or the like to remove the solution from the surface, and

the fiber is then carefully and thoroughly dried preferably in air at a temperature below 70 centigrade, as at higher tem era-.

tures the nitrates may dissociate an attack the fiber. Before drying, the fiber should weigh from 2.7 to 3 times its original weight and the dried fiber should contain about its own weight of salts. The dried X into mantles.

Specification Letters Patent. Patented R1 21', 1911', No Drawing. Original application filed November 7, 1902, Serial No. 130,456.

Divided and this'appllcatlon Serial No. 432,909.; A

threads are-.1 now immersed in a eoncenr trated solution 'of ammonia (preferably. of specific gravity 0.88) andarethen washed.

in distilled water and dried, when they are ready forspihningor knitting. If desired the'processes of d1pping in-the solution of salts, drying, treating with ammoniaand washing out the nitrate" of ammonia may be chanical mixturesugar dissolved in water' is a liquid solution. The similar combination of two colloids such as cellulose and hydrated thorium 'oxid is a solid solution.

A solid solution differs from a true chemical combination'in that it is notlimited to distinct proportions having relation to atomatic weights, but may take place in any proportion.

' Attempts have been made heretofore to transform the salts of the illuminating metals to oxids by treating the fibers while moist with ammonia, but this method has always failed and has been abandoned. By

thoroughly drying the soaked fibers however according to this invention it has been found that the action of the ammonia is quite different.

What I- claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The hereinde'scribed process of manufacturing incandescent mantles which consists in merceri'zing cellulose fibers of; nat-' ural origin, soaking them in a concentrated solution of salts of the illuminating metals under a vacuum,-drying the fibers, immersing them in .a concentrated solution of ammonia, washing out the ammonia salts, drying the fibers and forming them 2. The herein described process of manufacturing incandescent. mantles which con- 1 i sists'in mercerizing fib rs of cotton, soaking In testimony whereof I have signed my them in a concentrated solution of salts of name to this specification in the presence of the illuminating metals under a vacuum, two subscribing Witnesses. drying-the fibers, immersing them in a con- THOMAS TERR'ELL. '5 centrated solution of ammonia, washing out KVitnesses:

' the .ammonia -salts,- drying the fibers and ALFRED NUTTIN'G', forming them into mantles. e PERCY PHILLIPPS. 

